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Protect your Heart Muscle

More People are Surviving Heart Attacks Every Year!

proactive-solution-to-hearth-problems

Proactive Solutions to Hearth Problems

Protecting your heart from long term muscle damage becomes more important to more people every year.

This is what I have learned this past year since my heart attack:

Heart failure is on the increase as a result of successes in treating heart attacks and other cardiac conditions.

As people with damaged hearts are living longer they become more susceptible to heart failure.

It is estimated that there are 500,000 Canadians living with heart failure!

Another 50,000 new patients are diagnosed each year.

Depending on the severity of symptoms, heart dysfunction, age and other factors, congestive heart failure can be associated with an annual mortality of between 5% and 50%.

The average annual mortality rate for congestive heart failure is 10% per year with a 50% five-year survival rate.

Up to 40% to 50% of people with congestive heart failure die within five years of diagnosis.

These facts can be verified at: http://michaelshealthanswers.ca/heartstats

I once created a blog post with 50 related studies.  Overload!

Here are the ones with benefits to Heart and Lung Health

1. Antioxidant Protection for Pulmonary System

2. Protects the Heart Muscle from Damage

3. Improved Lung Function

4. Reduces Risk of Atherosclerosis in Over Weight and Post Menopausal Women

5. In Ischemic Stroke Victims it Decrease Inflammation and Increase Antioxidant Defenses

6. Protects against Heart Muscle Injury During a Heart Attack

 

If you LOVE Medical Articles, follow this link to see all fifty medical studies:

http://michaelshealthanswers.ca/canadas-best-keep-health-secret-50-published-medical-articles-supporting-health-benefits-claims/

 

1. Antioxidant Protection for Pulmonary System

TREATMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASE WITH A CYSTEINE DONOR PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT REPORT

Lothian B., Grey V, Kimoff R.J., Lands L.C.
Chest. Mar;117(3) :914-6 (2000)

Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance can occur in obstructive airways disease as a result of ongoing inflammation. Glutathione (GSH) plays a major role in pulmonary antioxidant protection. As an alternative or complement to anti-inflammatory therapy, augmenting antioxidant protection could diminish the effects of inflammation. We describe a case of a patient who had obstructive lung disease responsive to corticosteroids, and low whole blood GSH levels. After 1 month of supplementation with a whey-based oral supplement designed to provide GSH precursors, whole blood GSH levels and pulmonary function increased significantly and dramatically. The potential for such supplementation in pulmonary inflammatory conditions deserves further study.

2. Protects the Heart Muscle from Damage

MILK WHEY PROTEIN DECREASES OXYGEN FREE RADICAL PRODUCTION IN A MURINE MODEL OF CHRONIC IRON-OVERLOAD CARDIOMYOPATHY

Bartfay WJ, Davis MT, Medves JM, Lugowski S
Can J. Cardiol Vol 19 No 10, Sept. 03: 1163-1168 (2003)

Background: Chronic iron overload is a major cause of organ failure worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains to be elucidated.

Objectives: To examine in an experimental murine model of iron-overload cardiomyopathy the relation between milk whey protein and, first, the production of reactive oxygen free radical species and, second, antioxidant reserve status. METHODS: B6D2F1 mice were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (n=8 per treatment group): placebo control; iron only; whey only; and iron with whey. Reactive oxygen free radical species in the heart were quantified by the cytotoxic aldehydes malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-nonenal (HNE) and hexanal, while antioxidant reserve status was quantified by glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in the heart tissue.

Results: Significantly decreased concentrations (pmol/100 mg wet weight tissue) of MDA (2468+/-261), HNE (912+/-38) and hexanal (5385+/-927) were observed in the heart tissue of the group receiving iron with whey, in comparison with the iron-only treatment group (MDA 9307+/-387, HNE 1416+/-157, hexanal 14,874+/-2955; P<0.001). Significantly increased GPx (141+/-38 IU/L) and GSH (521+/-136 IU/L) activity were observed in mice receiving iron with whey, in comparison with mice receiving iron only (GPx 100+/-10 IU/L, GSH 446+/-33 IU/L; P<0.001).

Conclusion: Mice receiving iron treatments with whey supplementation had significantly lower concentrations of cytotoxic aldehydes and significantly higher cardiac levels of GPx and GSH activity than did iron-only treated mice. Additional basic research is warranted to examine the exact mechanisms by which milk whey protein protects the heart.

3. Improved Lung Function

EFFECTS OF CYSTEINE DONOR SUPPLEMENT ON EXERCISE-INDUCED BRONCHO CONSTRICTION

Baumann JM, Runell KW, Evlans TM, Levine AM.
Med.Sci.Sports Exerc.,Vol. 37, No. 9, pp1468-1473. 2005.

Purpose: Reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) in resident airway cells may be important in broncho constriction following exercise. Glutathione (GSH) is a major lung antioxidant and could influence pathological outcomes in individuals with exercise-induced broncho constriction (EIB). This study examined the effects of supplementation with undenatured whey protein (UWP) in subjects exhibiting airway narrowing following eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH), a surrogate challenge for diagnosis of EIB. UWP is a cysteine donor that augments GSH production.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 18 EIB-positive subjects (age: 25.2 +/- 9.01 yr; weight: 77.3 +/- 18.92 kg; height: 1.7 +/- 0.09 m) with post-EVH falls of > or =10% in FEV1 received 30 g UWP (TX) or casein placebo (PL)/d. Subjects performed 6‑min EVH challenges before and after 4 and 8 wk of supplementation. Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) was measured serially before spirometry and at 1-wk intervals. Spirometry was performed pre- and 5, 10, and 15 min postchallenge.

Results: Subjects exhibited significant mean improvement in postchallenge falls in FEV(1) from 0 wk (-22.6 +/- 12.22%) with TX at 4 (-18.9 +/- 12.89%, P < 0.05) and 8 wk (-16.98 +/- 11.61%, P < 0.05) and significant mean reduction in post-EVH peak falls in FEF(25-75) from 0 wk (-40.6 +/- 15.28%) with TX at 4 (-33.1 +/- 17.11%, P < 0.01) and 8 (-29.7 +/- 17.42%, P < 0.05) wk. No changes in FEV(1) or FEF(25-75) were observed in the PL group at any time point. Mean eNO for PL and TX groups at 0, 4, and 8 wk (46.8 +/- 31.33, 46.5 +/- 35.73, 49.3 +/- 37.12 vs 35.2 +/- 26.87, 29.1 +/- 17.26, 34.7 +/- 21.11 ppb, respectively) was not significantly different.

Conclusions: UWP may augment pulmonary antioxidant capacity and be therapeutically beneficial in individuals exhibiting EIB, as postchallenge pulmonary function improved with supplementation. The lack of significant change in eNO suggests that the pulmonary function improvements from UWP supplementation are independent of eNO.

4. Reduces Risk of Atherosclerosis in Over Weight and Post Menopausal Women

Atherosclerosis. 2010 Sep;212(1):339-44. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.05.032. Epub 2010 May 31.

Acute effects of whey protein isolate on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight, post-menopausal women.

Pal S, Ellis V, Ho S.

Source

School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, ATN Centre for Metabolic Fitness, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. pal@curtin.edu.au

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of dietary whey proteins on lipids, glucose and insulin, and resting energy expenditure in overweight and obese post-menopausal women, a population highly susceptible to cardiovascular disease.

METHODS:

A three-way crossover design study was conducted where 20 overweight or obese, post-menopausal women were randomised to consume either 45 g whey protein isolate, 45 g sodium caseinate or 45 g of a glucose control in conjunction with a breakfast meal. Blood samples were taken for up to 6 h.

RESULTS:

There was no significant change in postprandial incremental area under the curve (AUC) for total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, non-esterified fatty acids, Apo B48, insulin and leptin between groups. However, there was a significant decrease in the appearance of triglycerides (TG) in the blood by 21% and 27% after consuming the whey meal compared to control and casein meals, respectively, as measured by AUC. There was also a significant reduction by 27% and 32% in the AUC for TG:ApoB48 ratio in the whey group compared to the glucose and casein groups, respectively. There was a significantly lower AUC for blood glucose after the consumption of the whey and casein meal compared to glucose meal.

CONCLUSION:

These findings suggest that a single dose of whey protein can decrease arterial exposure to smaller TG-enriched lipoprotein particles compared to the glucose and casein meals in the postprandial period in overweight and obese, post-menopausal women.

Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

PMID: 20561625 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

5. Ischemic Stroke may Decrease Inflammation and Increase Antioxidant Defenses

Nutrition. 2011 Apr;27(4):440-4. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2010.02.013. Epub 2010 Dec 16.

Early enteral nutrition with whey protein or casein in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke: a double-blind randomized trial.

de Aguilar-Nascimento JE, Prado Silveira BR, Dock-Nascimento DB.

Source

Department of Surgery, Medical Sciences School, The Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Brazil.

Erratum in

  • Nutrition. 2011 Sept;27(9):982.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an early enteral formula containing whey protein, in comparison to a standard enteral formula containing casein as the protein source, on the levels of glutathione and inflammatory markers in aged patients with acute ischemic stroke.

METHODS:

Thirty-one elderly patients (12 males and 19 females; median age = 74 [range,65-90] y old) with ischemic stroke were randomized to receive early nasogastric feeding (35 kcal/kg/d and 1.2 g of protein/kg/d) with either a formula containing polymeric [corrected] casein (casein group, n =16) or another isocaloric and isonitrogenous formula containing hydrolyzed whey protein (WP group, n = 15) for 5 d. The primary endpoints of the study were the changes in the serum levels of glutathione peroxidase, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin 6 (IL-6).

RESULTS:

Twenty-five patients completed the study (10 in the WP group and 15 in the casein group). Mortality was similar between groups (33%; P = 1.00) and was associated with higher serum IL-6 (73.7 ± 24.7 versus 16.6 ± 2.4 pg/dL; P = 0.04) and CRP (82.0 ± 35.6 versus 48.3 ± 14.5 mg/L; P = 0.02) levels. Albumin levels dropped from the first to the fifth feeding day only in the casein group (P < 0.01). Serum IL-6 decreased (62.7 ± 47.2 to 20.6 ± 10.3 pg/dL; P = 0.02) and glutathione increased (32.2 ± 2.1 to 39.9 ± 6.8 U/G Hb; P = 0.03) only in the WP group. Serum IL-6 was lower (P = 0.03) and glutathione was higher (P = 0.03) in whey protein-fed patients than in the casein group.

CONCLUSION:

Enteral formula containing whey protein may decrease inflammation and increase antioxidant defenses in elderly patients with ischemic stroke, compared to casein-containing formula.

Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PMID: 21167685 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

6. Protects against Heart Muscle Injury During a Heart Attack

This one is my Personal Favourite as Survivor of a Widow-Maker Heart Attack.  My Heart was working at 45% of Normal, before my Stents where installed to improve Blood Flow.  Thirteen weeks later my Echo-Cardiogram showed 60% Muscle function - this explains Why my heart works so well Now!

proactive-solution-to-hearth-problems

Proactive Solutions to Heart Problems

J Surg Res. 2013 Jan 8. pii: S0022-4804(12)01967-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.12.029. [Epub ahead of print]

Acidic infusion in early reperfusion affects the activity of antioxidant enzymes in postischemic isolated rat heart.

Penna C, Perrelli MG, Tullio F, Angotti C, Pagliaro P.

Source

Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy; Istituto Nazionale per le Ricerche Cardiovascolari, Bologna, Italy.

Abstract BACKGROUND:

Acidic perfusion (AP) performed at the onset of reperfusion (i.e., acid postconditioning) is cardioprotective. We investigated the effect of AP on postischemic cardiac function and on the activity of endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase. The role of exogenous CAT or SOD on AP cardioprotection was also investigated. Phosphorylation of redox-sensitive survival kinases (protein kinase C [PKC] ε and extracellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK] 1/2) was also checked.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Isolated rat hearts underwent ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) for 30 and 120 min, respectively. AP was obtained by lowering [HCO(3)(-)] in the perfusion buffer. Infarct size and left ventricular pressure were measured. Protocols include I/R only, I/R plus acidic perfusion in early reperfusion (I/R + AP), and I/R plus AP and CAT (I/R + AP + CAT) or SOD (I/R + AP + SOD). I/R + SOD and I/R + CAT additional hearts served as controls. AP and/or antioxidants were given in the initial 3 min of reperfusion. Enzyme activities were studied in postischemic phase (seventh minute of reperfusion) in I/R or I/R + AP and Sham (buffer-perfused) hearts.

RESULTS:

AP with (I/R + AP + CAT or I/R + AP + SOD) or without (I/R + AP) antioxidant enzymes resulted in a larger reduction of infarct size compared with I/R, I/R + SOD, or I/R + CAT. Compared with I/R, the postischemic systolic and diastolic recoveries of the cardiac function were markedly improved by the addition of AP and a lesser extent by AP + SOD or AP + CAT. AP increased the postischemic activity of CAT and lowered that of SOD and glutathione peroxidase compared with I/R only. Also, the phosphorylation and activity of ERK1/2 and PKCε were increased by AP.

CONCLUSIONS:

Acid post conditioning affects the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, activates ERK1/2-PKCε pathways, and protects against myocardial I/R injury. The combination of AP and exogenous SOD or CAT still provides cardiac protection. It is likely that intracellular (not extracellular) redox condition plays a pivotal role in acidic protection.

Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PMID:23333069  [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Vjesn. 2007 Oct-Nov;129(10-11):350-5.

[The role of omega-3 fatty acids from fish in prevention of cardiovascular diseases].

[Article in Croatian] Reiner E, Tedeschi-Reiner E, Stajminger G.

Source Klinika za unutarnje bolesti Medicinskog fakulteta, KBC Zagreb.

Abstract

Fish and fish oil are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids–essential polyunsaturated fatty acids.

These acids in doses of 1 g per day have been shown to significantly reduce the all-cause mortality in post myocardial infarction (MI) patients and the risk for sudden death caused by cardiac arrhythmias. One of the recently most studied mechanisms that may contribute to this benefits of omega-3 fatty acids is their anti-arrhythmic effect.

Namely, these acids influence membrane ion channels, increase ventricular fibrillation threshold and increase heart rate variability.

Although the data concerning primary prevention is less straightforward than the data relating secondary prevention, it seems that the use of omega-3 fatty acids in primary prevention might be justified as well. In higher doses (2 to 4 g per day) they are used to treat hypertriglyceridemia.

Potential mechanisms by which omega-3 fatty acids may reduce risk for cardiovascular disease include also antithrombotic (they decrease platelet aggregation/reactivity, reduce plasma viscosity, enhance fibrinolysis) and anti-inflammatory effects (e.g. they decrease IL-6, MCP-1, TNF), improving vascular endothelial cell function (e.g. they increase availability of nitric oxide), reducing expression of endothelial cells adhesion molecules, inhibiting smooth muscle cells migration and proliferation, and reducing blood pressure.

Based upon clinical studies the use of omega-3 fatty acids should be considered today at least as a part of comprehensive secondary prevention strategy in post-MI patients.

It has been also shown that adding highly concentrated omega-3 fatty acids to standard treatment in the secondary prevention of MI is cost effective versus standard treatment alone.

Particularly important is that there are no significant drug interactions with omega-3 fatty acids.

PMID:18257336  [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

[Role of omega-3 Fatty acids in cardiovascular disease prevention].

Abstract in EnglishSpanish

Fatty acids, in addition to its known energy value and its structural function, have other beneficial properties. In particular, the polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 acting on thecardiovascular apparatus through many channels exerting a protective effect againstcardiovascular risk. The benefits associated with the reduction in cardiac mortality and sudden death particular, are related to the incorporation of EPA and DHA in phospholipid membrane of cardiomyocytes. An index is established that relates the percentage of EPA + DHA of total fattyacids in erythrocytes and risk of death from cardiovascular disease may layering in different degrees. Therefore, the primary source of fatty fish w-3 PUFA, behaves like a reference food in cardiosaludables diets.

Copyright © AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2013. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.

PMID: 23808424 [PubMed - in process] Free full text Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Feb;77(2):319-25.

n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, fatal ischemic heart disease, and nonfatal myocardial infarction in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study.

Source Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98101, USA. rozenl@u.washington.edu

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Little is known about the relation of the dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, ie, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from fatty fish and alpha-linolenic acid from vegetable oils, with ischemic heart disease among older adults.

OBJECTIVE:

We investigated the associations of plasma phospholipid concentrations of DHA, EPA, and alpha-linolenic acid as biomarkers of intake with the risk of incident fatal ischemic heart disease and incident nonfatal myocardial infarction in older adults.

DESIGN:

We conducted a case-control study nested in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a cohort study of adults aged > or = 65 y. Cases experienced incident fatal myocardial infarction and other ischemic heart disease death (n = 54) and incident nonfatal myocardial infarction (n = 125). Matched controls were randomly selected (n = 179). We measured plasma phospholipid concentrations of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in blood samples drawn approximately 2 y before the event.

RESULTS:

A higher concentration of combined DHA and EPA was associated with a lower risk of fatal ischemic heart disease, and a higher concentration of alpha-linolenic acid with a tendency to lower risk, after adjustment for risk factors [odds ratio: 0.32 (95% CI: 0.13, 0.78; P = 0.01) and 0.52 (0.24, 1.15; P = 0.1), respectively]. In contrast, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were not associated with nonfatal myocardial infarction.

CONCLUSIONS:

Higher combined dietary intake of DHA and EPA, and possibly alpha-linolenic acid, may lower the risk of fatal ischemic heart disease in older adults. The association of n-3 polyunsaturatedfatty acids with fatal ischemic heart disease, but not with nonfatal myocardial infarction, is consistent with possible antiarrhythmic effects of these fatty acids.

Free full text PMID:18257336  [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Curr Pharm Des. 2013 May 17. [Epub ahead of print]

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